The Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Biological) is offered from the Pietermaritzburg and Westville campuses. The Doctor of Philosophy in Science (Biological) aims to produce independent researchers in various disciplines, including all the disciplines mentioned above, who can make original and significant contributions to knowledge at the most advanced level by conducting original research that addresses complex context- based issues, under the guidance of a research supervisor or supervisory committee. The research project which combines specialised knowledge, skills and research mastery will culminate in the production of a thesis in the traditional forma or by publication statistics who can contribute to the generation of knowledge at an advanced level by conducting original research that addresses complex context-based issues, under the guidance of the research supervisor or supervisory committee. The programme aims to develop lifelong learners with a drive for research that will make a positive contribution to science in South Africa regionally and globally